But the analysis of these virtues adopted is not Aristotle’s. Or generosity, and Magnanimity or greatness of spirit. ἠθικὴ ἀρετή or ‘moral goodness.’ The Greek mind saw the unity of human excellence behind its various forms. aThe word ‘virtue’ to the modern English ear denotes only one department of ἀρετή, viz.
The list of Virtues or forms of Goodness a is Aristotelian, as in addition to the four cardinal virtues of Plato, Wisdom or prudence, Courage or manliness, Temperance or sobriety of mind, and Justice or righteousness, it includes Gentleness, Self-control, Liberality Then turning to conduct, it ranges the various actions and emotions under the virtues and vices which they exemplify. It starts from the ethical psychology of Plato, dividing the Soul or personality of man into three parts, the reason, the passions and the appetites. It classifies the various kinds of good and bad conduct under the virtues and vices of which they are manifestations. This essay is of interest as an example of the way in which Aristotle’s reduction to scientific form of the ethical system adumbrated by Plato was later systematized and stereotyped by smaller minds.
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